Izithibi Zomlilo: Izithasiselo Zesibili Ezikhulu Kakhulu Zenjoloba Nepulasitiki
Isivimbeli somliloiyi-ejenti eyisizayo esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izinto ukuthi zingashiswa futhi zivimbele ukusabalala komlilo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ze-polymer. Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezinto zokwenziwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kancane kancane kwezindinganiso zokuvikela umlilo, izinto ezivimbela umlilo zisetshenziswa kabanzi kumapulasitiki, irabha, izembozo, njll. Ngokusho kwezinto eziyinhloko zamakhemikhali eziwusizo ku-FR, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: izinto ezivimbela umlilo ezingaphili, izinto ezivimbela umlilo ezingaphili kanye nezinto ezivimbela umlilo ezingaphili ze-phosphorus.
Izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ezingaphiliIsebenza ngokomzimba, enekhono eliphansi lokusebenza kahle kanye nenani elikhulu lokwengeza. Inomthelela othile ekusebenzeni kwezinto. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yentengo ephansi ingasetshenziswa emikhiqizweni esezingeni eliphansi enezidingo eziphansi zokusebenza, njengepulasitiki i-PE, i-PVC, njll. Thatha i-aluminium hydroxide (ATH) njengesibonelo. Izophelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi ibole ngemva kokushiswa kufikela ku-200 ℃. Inqubo yokubola imunca ukushisa kanye nokuhwamuka kwamanzi, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwezinto, kuncishiswe izinga lokushisa lobuso bezinto ezibonakalayo, kuncishiswe ijubane lokusabela kokuqhekeka kokushisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umhwamuko wamanzi unganciphisa ukugcwala komoya-mpilo futhi kuvimbele ukusha. I-alumina ekhiqizwa ukubola inamathele ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo, okungavimbela ukusabalala komlilo.
Izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ze-halogen ze-organicikakhulukazi isebenzisa indlela yamakhemikhali. Ukusebenza kwayo kahle kuphezulu futhi ukwengeza kuyafana futhi kuhambisana kahle nama-polymer. Asetshenziswa kabanzi ekubunjweni kwe-elekthronikhi, amabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe kanye nezinye izingxenye zikagesi. Kodwa-ke, azokhipha amagesi anobuthi futhi agqwalayo, anezinkinga ezithile zokuphepha kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Izithibi zomlilo ezine-brominated (ama-BFR)ikakhulukazi ziyi-halogenated flame retardants ezinomusa. Enye yi-izinto ezivimbela umlilo zochungechunge lwe-chloro (ama-CFR). Izinga lokushisa lokubola kwazo lifana nelezinto ze-polymer. Lapho ama-polymer eshiswa futhi ebola, ama-BFR nawo aqala ukubola, angene endaweni yokushiswa kwesigaba segesi kanye nemikhiqizo yokubola kokushisa, avimbele ukusabela futhi avimbele ukusabalala komlilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, igesi ekhishwe imboza ubuso bezinto ukuze ivimbe futhi inciphise ukugcwala komoya-mpilo, futhi ekugcineni yehlise ijubane lokusabela komlilo kuze kube yilapho iphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-BFR avame ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-antimony oxide (ATO). I-ATO ngokwayo ayinawo umkhawulo womlilo, kodwa ingasebenza njengesikhuthazi sokusheshisa ukubola kwe-bromine noma i-chlorine.
Izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ze-phosphorus (ama-OPFR)Isebenza ngokomzimba nangokwekhemikhali, ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nezinzuzo zobuthi obuphansi, ukuqina kanye nokusebenza okungabizi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingathuthukisa futhi ukugeleza kokucubungula kwe-alloy, inikeze umsebenzi wokwenza ipulasitiki kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Ngezidingo eziphakeme zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ama-OPFR kancane kancane athatha indawo yama-BFR njengemikhiqizo eyinhloko.
Nakuba ukwengezwa kwe-FR kungenakukwenza lokhu kumelane ngokugcwele nomlilo, kungagwema ngempumelelo isenzakalo "sokusha kwe-flash", kunciphise ukuvela komlilo futhi kuzuze isikhathi esibalulekile sokuphunyuka kubantu abasesigcawini somlilo. Ukuqiniswa kwezidingo zikazwelonke zobuchwepheshe obuvimbela umlilo nakho kwenza amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwama-FR abe banzi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-19-2021